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Related Concept Videos

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Concrete mixing ensures a homogenous blend where aggregates are well-coated with cement paste. Concrete mixing is typically done using two main types of mixers: batch and continuous. Batch mixers handle one batch at a time, thoroughly combining materials before discharging and receiving the next batch. In contrast, continuous mixers receive a steady flow of ingredients, mixing them consistently and discharging without interruption. Within batch mixers, tilting drum mixers mix with internal...
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The concept of mixing time is significant in producing a uniform concrete mix with the required strength. The mixing period starts once all components are in the mixer. Initially, the mixer is charged with 10% of the water, followed by the consistent addition of solids and then 80% of the water. The remaining water is added later, within the first quarter of the mixing period. The minimum mixing time varies according to the mixer's capacity; for example, mixers with up to 1 cubic yard...
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Related Experiment Video

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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
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HEMS inter-facility transfer: a case-mix analysis.

Damien Di Rocco1, Mathieu Pasquier2, Eric Albrecht3

  • 1Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

BMC Emergency Medicine
|May 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) inter-facility transfers (IFT) show high patient severity but signs of over-triage. This study proposes indicators to optimize HEMS use for patient transfers, ensuring appropriate transport selection.

Keywords:
Case-mixHelicopter emergency medical services (HEMS)Inter-facility transfer (IFT)Over-triage

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Transportation Science
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) are widely used but lack robust evidence for primary interventions and inter-facility transfers (IFT).
  • Limited research exists on HEMS for IFT, raising questions about its appropriateness.
  • This study addresses the need for better understanding of HEMS IFT operations and patient selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the operational and medical profile of HEMS IFT missions.
  • To identify potential indicators of over-triage in HEMS IFT.
  • To provide data for optimizing the selection of HEMS for patient transport.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of HEMS IFT data over 36 months (January 2013 - December 2015).
  • Review of medical and operational data from the Lausanne University Hospital emergency department database.
  • Inclusion of flight distance, time, type of care, and estimated ground transport distance.

Main Results:

  • HEMS IFT constituted 44.6% of 2194 missions, primarily involving adults (81.6%).
  • A significant proportion of patients received emergency treatment (62.8%) or resuscitation/life-saving measures (4.1%) during flight.
  • Median air transport distance was 35.4 km, with a median flight time of 12 minutes, compared to an estimated median road distance of 47.7 km.

Conclusions:

  • HEMS IFT case-mix indicates a high patient severity but also suggests potential over-triage.
  • Proposed indicators can aid in selecting the most appropriate transport mode based on patient condition, geography, and available ground medical resources.
  • Optimizing HEMS utilization for IFT can potentially reduce unnecessary transfers and improve resource allocation.