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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.7K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.7K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.2K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.2K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.5K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.5K
Symmetric Member in Bending01:07

Symmetric Member in Bending

611
In the study of the mechanics of materials, analyzing the behavior of prismatic members under opposing couples is crucial for understanding internal stress distributions, which are essential for structural design. When subjected to couples, a prismatic member experiences internal forces that maintain equilibrium. A couple, characterized by two equal and opposite forces, creates a moment but no resultant force. The internal forces at any section cut of the member must balance these external...
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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

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Symmetric supercapacitor: Sulphurized graphene and ionic liquid.

Jasmin S Shaikh1, Navajsharif S Shaikh2, Rohini Kharade3

  • 1Thin Film Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|May 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel sulfur-embedded graphene (S-graphene) for high-performance symmetric supercapacitors. The S-graphene electrode and ionic liquid electrolyte achieve a wide potential window and excellent energy density with remarkable cycling stability.

Keywords:
GrapheneSulphurized grapheneSymmetric supercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Symmetric supercapacitors offer enhanced stability and energy density compared to simple devices.
  • Graphene's high surface area, conductivity, and stability make it ideal for supercapacitor electrodes.
  • Ionic liquids are pragmatic electrolytes due to their stability, ionic conductivity, and eco-friendly nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous honeycomb-shaped sulfur-embedded graphene (S-graphene).
  • To fabricate and evaluate a high-performance symmetric supercapacitor using S-graphene electrodes and [BMIM-PF6] ionic liquid electrolyte.
  • To investigate the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of the developed supercapacitor device.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of 3D nanoporous honeycomb-shaped S-graphene via a simple chemical method.
  • Fabrication of a symmetric supercapacitor device utilizing S-graphene as the electrode material.
  • Electrochemical characterization including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and long-term cycling tests.

Main Results:

  • The S-graphene architecture effectively reduced ion diffusion resistance and provided ample surface area for charge storage.
  • The symmetric supercapacitor achieved a large potential window of 3.2 V.
  • High energy density of 124 Wh/kg was obtained at 0.2 A/g, with 95% capacitance retention over 20,000 cycles at 2 A/g.

Conclusions:

  • The S-graphene and ionic liquid-based symmetric supercapacitor demonstrates superior performance characteristics.
  • The unique 3D structure of S-graphene is crucial for efficient charge transport and storage.
  • This device exhibits excellent cycling stability, making it a promising candidate for advanced energy storage applications.