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Surface Engineering-Induced 2D/3D Interfacial Reconstruction for Stable Low-Light Perovskite Solar Cells.

Chukwuebuka Emmanuel Usulor^1,2, Woraprom Passatorntaschakorn^2,3, Sukhanidhan Singh^2,3

¹Graduate Ph.D. Degree Program in Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|June 15, 2026

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This summary is machine-generated.

Secondary amine treatment reconstructs perovskite solar cell interfaces, enhancing efficiency and stability. This surface engineering improves performance under both standard and low-light conditions, boosting perovskite solar cell technology.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Photovoltaics

Background:

Interfacial defects and ion migration are key limitations in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), reducing efficiency and operational stability, especially under low-light conditions.
Interfacial recombination significantly impacts PSC performance, particularly in environments with reduced light intensity.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a post-surface treatment using dibutylammonium bromide (DBABr) to engineer the interface of PSCs.
To improve the efficiency, low-light performance, and operational stability of perovskite solar cells through controlled interfacial reconstruction.

Main Methods:

A secondary amine, dibutylammonium bromide (DBABr), was used for post-surface treatment of perovskite solar cells.
Controlled 2D/3D interfacial reconstruction was achieved, forming a quasi-two-dimensional perovskite layer on a 3D absorber.

Keywords:

dibutylammonium bromide dimensional engineering indoor photovoltaics perovskite solar cells stability surface passivation

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The treated interfaces were characterized for defect passivation, ion migration suppression, and energy-level alignment.

Main Results:

DBABr treatment enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 13.82% to 15.52% under standard one-sun illumination.
Devices showed improved indoor energy harvesting, with PCEs of 30.57% (0.09 cm²) and 27.77% (1 cm²) under 1000 lx LED illumination.
Treated PSCs retained approximately 90% of their initial efficiency after 1000 hours of operation under ambient conditions.

Conclusions:

Interfacial dimensional reconstruction using secondary-amine surface engineering is an effective strategy for PSCs.
This method simultaneously enhances efficiency, low-light performance, and operational durability in carbon-based PSCs.
The findings contribute to advancing sustainable photovoltaic technologies, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 7.