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Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice
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Empathy present and future.

Judith A Hall1, Rachel Schwartz2,3

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Northeastern University , Boston, MA , USA.

The Journal of Social Psychology
|May 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The term "empathy" is used inconsistently across psychology and neuroscience, hindering research progress. This review suggests using more precise terms instead of "empathy" for clearer scientific communication.

Keywords:
Empathymeta-analysisreview

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Area of Science:

  • Social and Personality Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Health Professions

Background:

  • The concept of empathy is crucial across multiple scientific disciplines.
  • Inconsistent definitions and operationalization of empathy impede research advancement.
  • The term
  • empathy
  • is frequently used ambiguously, creating confusion in scientific literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively review and conceptually analyze the definitions and usage of empathy.
  • To examine the diversity and inconsistencies in empathy conceptualization and measurement.
  • To propose refinements for the operationalization of empathy and related constructs.

Main Methods:

  • A quantitative review of 393 studies (2001–2013) and 96 studies (2017) on empathy.
  • Analysis of conceptual definitions and measurement strategies employed in the selected literature.
  • Conceptual analysis of the term
  • empathy
  • and its application in research.

Main Results:

  • Significant diversity in the conceptual and operational definitions of empathy was documented.
  • Inconsistencies were found between how empathy was conceptually defined and how it was measured.
  • In numerous instances, the term
  • empathy
  • added no clear theoretical or empirical value.

Conclusions:

  • Refining the conceptualization and operationalization of empathy is necessary for scientific clarity.
  • Bypassing the general term
  • empathy
  • in favor of more specific construct labels is recommended.
  • More precise terminology can enhance the rigor and advancement of research in related fields.