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Speed breeding for multiple quantitative traits in durum wheat.

Samir Alahmad1, Eric Dinglasan1, Kung Ming Leung1

  • 11Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia.

Plant Methods
|May 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Speed breeding accelerates durum wheat (Triticum durum) improvement by enabling multi-trait selection for traits like root angle and disease resistance. This method significantly enhances breeding efficiency for desirable traits.

Keywords:
Crown rotDrought adaptationFusariumLeaf rustRoot architectureSegregating populationsSpeed breedingTrait pyramiding

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Area of Science:

  • Plant breeding and genetics
  • Agricultural science
  • Crop improvement

Background:

  • Traditional plant breeding is a lengthy, multi-generational process.
  • Speed breeding accelerates generation cycling in wheat, achieving six generations annually.
  • This study pioneers speed breeding for multi-trait selection in durum wheat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and deploy speed breeding for simultaneous selection of multiple traits in durum wheat.
  • To evaluate a novel multi-trait phenotyping approach for above and below-ground characteristics.
  • To assess the efficiency of a weighted selection index for durum wheat improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotyped 1000 F2 individuals for seminal root angle (RA), root number (RN), crown rot (CR) tolerance, leaf rust (LR) resistance, and plant height (PH).
  • Developed and applied a weighted selection index (SI) for simultaneous trait selection.
  • Evaluated F3 progeny from selected and unselected F2 individuals to determine trait gain.

Main Results:

  • Observed transgressive segregation for all assayed traits in the F2 population.
  • The SI successfully shifted population means for CR tolerance, LR resistance, RA, and RN.
  • No significant shift in plant height (PH) was observed, but other key traits showed improvement.

Conclusions:

  • The multi-trait phenotyping method is effective for rapid selection in early filial generations and out-of-season characterization.
  • Integrating speed breeding with multi-trait selection efficiently enriches breeding populations with desirable alleles.
  • This approach significantly reduces the time and resources needed to develop improved durum wheat cultivars.