[FETAL LOSSES DURING THE MATURATION OF THE PLACENTA AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME PROCOAGULANT CONDITIONS.]

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Medicine
• Genetics
• Immunology

Background:

• Pregnancy is a natural prothrombotic state, increasing risks for fetal loss.
• Multiple factors contribute to pregnancy complications, including genetic, inflammatory, and thrombotic elements.
• Understanding the molecular basis of embryogenesis and placentation is crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the major causes and risk factors associated with fetal loss.
• To elucidate the prothrombotic nature of pregnancy and its contributing factors.
• To highlight the importance of understanding molecular mechanisms for therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

• Review of established causes of fetal loss, including chromosomal and genetic abnormalities.
• Analysis of thrombophilia markers (e.g., Factor V Leiden, MTHFR mutations) and inflammatory markers (e.g., interleukins).
• Examination of maternal conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity as risk factors.

Main Results:

• Identified key risk factors: chromosomal abnormalities, genetic syndromes, placental issues, thrombophilia, infections, antiphospholipid syndrome, and maternal diseases.
• Pregnancy involves physiological changes that promote a prothrombotic state, influenced by genetic and acquired thrombophilic factors.
• Inflammation and apoptosis play significant roles in pregnancy complications.

Conclusions:

• A multifactorial understanding of fetal loss, encompassing hemostasis, inflammation, and apoptosis, is essential.
• Targeting molecular mechanisms can lead to improved therapies for preventing fetal loss.
• Successful pregnancy completion can be enhanced by addressing individual genetic and acquired thrombophilic risks.