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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
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An interesting force in everyday life is the force of drag on an object when it is moving in a fluid. Like friction, the drag force always opposes the motion of an object. Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid. This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in. For most large objects, such as cyclists, cars, and baseballs, that are not moving too...
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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of DNA Three-Point-Star Motif Self Assembly Using Photothermal Off-Resonance Tapping
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High-speed large area atomic force microscopy using a quartz resonator.

J-Y Wang1, N Mullin1, J K Hobbs1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hicks Building, University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom.

Nanotechnology
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a high-speed atomic force microscope capable of scanning large areas rapidly. The new microscope achieves unprecedented speeds for atomic force microscopy, enabling real-time imaging of dynamic processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Microscopy Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is crucial for nanoscale imaging.
  • Traditional AFM systems are limited by slow scanning speeds, hindering dynamic process observation.
  • There is a need for faster AFM techniques to study rapid surface phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a high-speed atomic force microscope for large-area scanning.
  • To demonstrate the microscope's capability in imaging dynamic processes at high speeds.
  • To achieve significantly improved imaging speeds compared to conventional AFM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a quartz bar driven near resonance for fast scan axis motion.
  • Implementing a novel scanner design for high-speed tip-sample movement.
  • Achieving average tip-sample velocities up to 28 cm/s at line rates of 830-1410 Hz.

Main Results:

  • Imaging areas up to 170 × 170 μm² in 1 second.
  • Acquiring images of 80 × 80 μm² in 0.42 seconds.
  • Successfully imaged the in situ spherulitic crystallization of a semicrystalline polymer at high speed.

Conclusions:

  • The developed high-speed AFM enables rapid, large-area surface imaging.
  • The system significantly enhances imaging speed for atomic force microscopy.
  • This technology opens new possibilities for studying dynamic nanoscale events in real-time.