Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis
Published on: June 20, 2025
Discovery of N-Alkyl Piperazine Side Chain Based CXCR4 Antagonists with Improved Drug-like Properties
Yesim A Tahirovic1, Valarie M Truax1, Robert J Wilson1
1Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Abstract:
A novel series of CXCR4 antagonists with piperidinyl and piperazinyl alkylamine side chains designed as butyl amine replacements are described. Several of these compounds showed similar activity to the parent compound TIQ-15 (5) in a SDF-1 induced calcium flux assay. Preliminary structure-activity relationship investigations led us to identify a series containing N-propyl piperazine side chain analogs exemplified by 16 with improved off-target effects as measured in a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) calcium flux assay and in a limited drug safety panel screen. Further efforts to explore SAR and optimize drug properties led to the identification of the N'-ethyl-N-propyl-piperazine tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative 44 and the N-propyl-piperazine benzimidazole compound 37, which gave the best overall profiles with no mAChR or CYP450 inhibition, good permeability in PAMPA assays, and metabolic stability in human liver microsomes.
More Related Videos
07:41A Kinetic Fluorescence-based Ca2+ Mobilization Assay to Identify G Protein-coupled Receptor Agonists, Antagonists, and Allosteric Modulators
Published on: February 20, 2018
09:04Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification
Published on: June 2, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Drug Discovery: Overview
Drug-Receptor Interaction: Antagonist
Antagonists can be classified as competitive or noncompetitive based on their...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists
Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists
Antimuscarinic agents compete with ACh for the same binding site on the muscarinic receptors. By binding to these receptors, they inhibit the downstream effects of ACh and block the parasympathetic...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists
Factors Affecting α-Alkylation of Ketones: Choice of Base
The reaction involving bases like EtO− whose conjugate acid EtOH (pKa = 15.9) is stronger than the ketone (pKa = 19.2) results in an equilibrium mixture with higher ketone concentration. As a consequence,...