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LISA Sources in Milky Way Globular Clusters.

Kyle Kremer1,2, Sourav Chatterjee1,2,3, Katelyn Breivik1,2

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Milky Way globular clusters may host ~21 double compact object binaries detectable by LISA. Among these, ~7 are black hole-black hole binaries, with some potentially visible even in nearby galaxies.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Binary Systems
  • Gravitational Wave Astronomy

Background:

  • Globular clusters (GCs) are dense stellar systems offering unique environments for compact object binary formation.
  • The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a future space-based gravitational wave observatory designed to detect low-frequency signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the population of double compact object binaries within Milky Way globular clusters.
  • To estimate the number of such binaries detectable by LISA.
  • To characterize the types and potential detectability of these binaries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 137 fully evolved globular cluster models that accurately represent Milky Way globular cluster properties.
  • Simulated binary evolution within these models to identify double compact object systems.
  • Estimated the detectability of these binaries by LISA based on their properties and LISA's sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • An estimated ~21 double compact object binaries in Milky Way globular clusters are expected to be detectable by LISA.
  • These detectable binaries include all combinations of black hole (BH), neutron star, and white dwarf components.
  • Approximately 7 of these sources are predicted to be black hole-black hole binaries.
  • Some black hole-black hole binaries exhibit signal-to-noise ratios sufficient for detection at extragalactic distances (Andromeda, Virgo cluster).

Conclusions:

  • Milky Way globular clusters are promising sites for LISA-detectable double compact object binaries.
  • The predicted population includes diverse binary types, with a significant fraction of black hole-black hole systems.
  • These findings highlight the potential of LISA to probe compact object populations in dense stellar environments and even beyond our galaxy.