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Dual modulation on glial cells by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside protects against dopamine neuronal loss

Yanzhen Zhou1,2, Guoqing Wang1, Daidi Li1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.

Journal of Neuroinflammation
|May 27, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) protects dopamine (DA) neurons from Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. TSG reduces neuroinflammation and enhances neurotrophic factors, offering a potential PD treatment strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Microglia-driven neuroinflammation is a key factor in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis.
  • Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside (TSG) exhibits beneficial health properties and pharmacological activities.
  • This study investigates TSG's potential to protect dopamine (DA) neurons and inform PD treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of TSG against dopamine (DA) neuronal loss in a Parkinson's disease (PD) model.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of TSG-mediated neuroprotection, focusing on glial cell interactions.

Main Methods:

  • A rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD) was established using substantia nigral stereotaxic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce DA neuronal damage.
  • Primary rat midbrain neuron-glia co-cultures were utilized to explore the molecular mechanisms of TSG's action.
  • TSG was administered daily via intraperitoneal injection for seven consecutive days.

Main Results:

  • TSG administration significantly attenuated LPS-induced loss of DA neurons in the substantia nigra.
  • TSG demonstrated neuroprotection by ameliorating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and reducing pro-inflammatory/neurotoxic factors.
  • TSG enhanced neuroprotection partly by increasing astroglia-derived neurotrophic factor secretion, as evidenced by neutralization experiments.

Conclusions:

  • TSG protects DA neurons against LPS-induced neurotoxicity via a dual modulation of glial cells.
  • TSG attenuates neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and enhances neurotrophic effects from astroglia.
  • These findings suggest TSG as a potential therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment.
Keywords:
NeuroinflammationNeuroprotectionNeurotrophic effectsParkinson’s diseaseTetrahydroxystilbene glucoside

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