Increasing Industry Involvement in Otolaryngology: Insights from 3 Years of the Open Payments Database

Objectives To characterize industry payments to otolaryngologists in 2016 versus 2014 and 2015. Study Design Cross-sectional retrospective analysis. Setting Open Payments Database. Subjects and Methods Using the Open Payments Database, we identified otolaryngologists receiving payments from industry sponsors from 2014 to 2016. We characterized the number and value of payments per physician overall and by census region, as well as by sponsor subspecialty and payment type. Study years were compared via analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Trends in payments to otolaryngologists were compared with trends in 21 other specialties. Results Payment to otolaryngologists increased 67% from 2014 to 2016-from $8.7 million in 2014 to $9.9 and $14.5 million in 2015 and 2016, respectively ( P < .001). While mean payment per compensated otolaryngologist increased ($1095, $1243, and $1834 in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively, P < .001), median payments stayed relatively constant ($169, $165, and $172), suggesting an increasingly unequal distribution. Much of the increase is accounted for by an increased number of payments for consulting fees and physician ownership. Most payments were made by companies specializing in rhinology. Otolaryngology received the lowest industry compensation per physician among the surgical specialties examined and lower compensation than most nonsurgical specialties. The increase in payments to otolaryngologists was proportionally greater than all but 1 of the other 21 specialties examined. Conclusions Industry compensation to otolaryngologists is increasing and increasingly unequal, although it is still less than that in most other specialties. In otolaryngology, the Open Payments Database has not decreased physician-industry relationships as intended.