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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Differences in Cognitive Function Between Women and Men With HIV.

Pauline M Maki1, Leah H Rubin2,3, Gayle Springer3

  • 1Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|May 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

HIV-infected women show greater cognitive impairment than HIV-infected men, particularly in psychomotor speed and executive function. These sex differences in cognitive function persist over time and require further investigation for targeted interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Women may be more susceptible to HIV-related cognitive dysfunction due to various factors.
  • Previous studies on sex differences in HIV cognitive impairment have shown inconsistent results.
  • This study addresses these inconsistencies using longitudinal data from large, prospective cohorts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in HIV-related cognitive dysfunction.
  • To examine the magnitude and pattern of these differences in a diverse population.
  • To identify potential targets for cognitive interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) and Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) were analyzed.
  • Participants (n=1420) included HIV-infected and uninfected women and men, matched for key demographics.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using tests of psychomotor speed, executive function, and fine motor skills, analyzed with generalized linear mixed models.

Main Results:

  • Significant sex differences in cognitive function were observed in HIV-infected individuals, but not in HIV-uninfected individuals.
  • HIV-infected women scored lower than HIV-infected men on tests of psychomotor speed and executive function.
  • HIV-infected women had a higher odds of cognitive impairment compared to HIV-infected men, with differences remaining constant over time.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected women experience cognitive disadvantages compared to HIV-infected men.
  • Understanding the mechanisms behind these sex differences is crucial for developing effective cognitive interventions.
  • Further research is needed to tailor interventions for HIV-infected women.