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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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Implementation Intentions Reduce Implicit Stereotype Activation and Application.

Heather Rose Rees1, Andrew Michael Rivers1, Jeffrey W Sherman1

  • 11 University of California, Davis, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|June 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementation intentions, or if-then plans, effectively reduce implicit stereotyping by lowering both stereotype activation and application. These effects are efficient, working even for groups with less practiced inhibition.

Keywords:
implementation intentionsimplicit stereotypingmultinomial modelingstereotype activationstereotype application

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Implementation intentions (if-then plans) are known to reduce implicit stereotyping.
  • The underlying psychological processes and efficiency of this effect remain unclear.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing interventions against prejudice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which implementation intentions reduce implicit stereotyping.
  • To examine the roles of stereotype activation and stereotype application in this process.
  • To assess the cognitive efficiency of implementation intentions under resource constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Four experimental studies were conducted using implicit stereotyping measures.
  • Implementation intentions were compared against control conditions.
  • Cognitive load was manipulated (digit-span task, restricted response window) to test efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Implementation intentions significantly reduced implicit stereotyping across all studies.
  • This reduction was linked to decreased stereotype activation and stereotype application.
  • The effects remained robust even under conditions of high cognitive load, indicating efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Implementation intentions reduce implicit stereotyping by inhibiting both the accessibility and application of stereotypes.
  • This strategy is cognitively efficient, operating effectively even when cognitive resources are limited.
  • The findings suggest practical applications for reducing prejudice in diverse groups.