Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Health
Shanmugam Muruganandan1, Rajgopal Govindarajan1, Christopher J Sinal2
1Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Current Osteoporosis Reports
|June 2, 2018
Summary
Bone marrow fat cells (adipocytes) play a complex role in bone health. While often linked to bone loss, new research suggests they may also benefit skeletal remodeling, requiring further study.
Area of Science:
- Bone Biology
- Cellular Differentiation
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Skeletal remodeling involves bone resorption and formation.
- Increased bone marrow adipose tissue is linked to bone loss disorders like osteoporosis.
- Marrow adipocyte role in bone health is debated.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review recent advances in bone marrow adipocyte formation.
- Discuss novel signaling mechanisms in adipogenesis.
- Explore physiological and pathophysiological implications for bone remodeling.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of experimental and clinical studies.
- Analysis of signaling pathways regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
- Synthesis of evidence on adipocyte-derived factors.
Main Results:
- Evidence links reduced osteoblastogenesis and adipocyte signaling to osteoporosis.
- Bone loss in aging, diabetes, menopause, and drug therapy involves marrow adiposity.
- Contradictory findings suggest potential beneficial roles for marrow adipose tissue.
Conclusions:
- Marrow adipocyte function in bone remodeling is complex and context-dependent.
- Further research is needed to clarify their precise role in bone physiology and pathology.
- Therapeutic strategies targeting mesenchymal stem cell differentiation warrant investigation.
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