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Decision-making in schizophrenia: A predictive-coding perspective.

Philipp Sterzer1, Martin Voss2, Florian Schlagenhauf2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin & St. Hedwig Hospital, Berlin, Germany; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Germany; Bernstein Center of Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Germany.

Neuroimage
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia symptoms may stem from widespread disruptions in predictive coding, affecting how the brain makes decisions and processes information at multiple levels. This impacts cognitive, value-based, sensory, and motor functions, contributing to diverse psychotic experiences.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Dysfunctional decision-making is linked to schizophrenia symptoms.
  • Hierarchical predictive coding models decision-making as Bayesian inference using prior beliefs and prediction errors.
  • Schizophrenia is associated with altered neural inference and aberrant prediction error signaling, particularly in reward processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review behavioral and neural findings on altered predictive coding in schizophrenia.
  • To integrate evidence across cognitive, value-based, sensory, and motor domains.
  • To propose a unified view of schizophrenia pathophysiology based on hierarchical predictive coding.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing behavioral and neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of findings related to decision-making, prediction errors, and hierarchical processing.
  • Integration of evidence from cognitive, affective, sensory, and motor domains.

Main Results:

  • Impairments in cognitive decision-making align with altered neural inference in schizophrenia.
  • Aberrant prediction error signaling is evident in reward and value-based decision-making.
  • Evidence suggests impairments in low-level sensory and motor processes also relate to altered predictive coding.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia may involve pervasive alterations in predictive coding across multiple hierarchical levels.
  • These alterations impact cognitive, value-based, sensory, and motor systems.
  • Varied impairments in brain areas supporting predictive coding may explain the diversity of psychotic experiences.