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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Tail Vein Transection Bleeding Model in Fully Anesthetized Hemophilia A Mice
Published on: September 30, 2021
Inhibitor Formation in Congenital Hemophilia A: an Immunological Perspective
Sandrine Delignat1,2,3, Julie Rayes1,2,3, Jules Russick1,2,3
1Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006, Paris, France.
Abstract:
The immunogenicity of therapeutic factor VIII (FVIII) in patients with hemophilia A has been puzzling scientific and clinical communities for more than 3 decades. Indeed, the development of inhibitory antibodies to FVIII remains a major clinical challenge and is associated with enormous societal costs. Thus, the reasons for which a presumably innocuous, short-lived, intravenously administered glycoprotein triggers such a deleterious, long-lasting neutralizing immune response is an enigma. This review does not pretend to bring an answer to this challenging question. It will however summarize the latest findings regarding the molecular interactions at play in the recognition of FVIII by the immune cells, the validity of the proposed risk factors for FVIII alloimmunization, and the different solutions that allow induction of FVIII-specific tolerance in preclinical models of hemophilia A.
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