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Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding mouse protamine 1.

K C Kleene, R J Distel, N B Hecht

    Biochemistry
    |January 29, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers determined the mouse protamine 1 gene sequence, revealing its unique structure and evolutionary links to other species. This finding aids in understanding the function of this essential sperm cell protein.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Reproductive Biology

    Background:

    • Protamine proteins are crucial for sperm DNA packaging in haploid spermatogenic cells.
    • Understanding protamine structure and evolution is key to reproductive biology.
    • Mouse protamine 1 (mP1) is a specific nuclear protein found in mouse sperm.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the nucleotide sequence of mouse protamine 1.
    • To analyze the encoded amino acid sequence and identify key domains.
    • To investigate the evolutionary relationships of mouse protamine 1 with protamines from other species.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of a cDNA insert from a mouse testis cDNA library.
    • Nucleotide sequencing of the 404-base cDNA.

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  • Amino acid sequence prediction and homology analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • The cDNA encodes a 50-amino acid polypeptide with high arginine, cysteine, and tyrosine content.
    • The sequence shows significant homology to boar (80%) and bull (67%) protamines.
    • A conserved central domain with arginine clusters, similar to trout protamines, was identified.

    Conclusions:

    • The determined mouse protamine 1 sequence provides insights into its structure and function.
    • Homology analysis suggests conserved evolutionary roles for protamines across mammals and fish.
    • This research facilitates further studies on protamine's role in gene regulation and DNA interaction in sperm.