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Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
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When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
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Engineered C-S Bond Construction.

Chin-Fa Lee1,2,3, R Sidick Basha4, Satpal Singh Badsara5

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan. cfalee@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.

Topics in Current Chemistry (Cham)
|June 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The construction of carbon-sulfur (C-S) bonds is crucial for synthesizing thioethers and thioesters, finding applications in medicine and materials. Recent advancements focus on metal catalysis and alternative methods for efficient C-S coupling reactions.

Keywords:
Aryl and alkyl halideChemo-selectiveCross-couplingDisulfideRegio-selectiveThioestersThioethersThiolTransition-metal catalysis

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Thioethers and thioesters have diverse applications in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and materials science.
  • The formation of carbon-sulfur (C-S) bonds is a key challenge and a rapidly developing area in cross-coupling reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in C-S coupling reactions.
  • To highlight advancements in metal-catalyzed and alternative methods for C-S bond formation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on C-S coupling reactions.
  • Focus on metal catalysis and other innovative processes.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in constructing C-S bonds.
  • Various catalytic systems and reaction conditions have been explored.

Conclusions:

  • C-S bond formation is a forefront area in cross-coupling reactions.
  • Continued research is vital for expanding the utility of thioethers and thioesters.