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Place and Policy: Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Bars and Restaurants
Kelly Buettner-Schmidt1, Blake Boursaw, Marie L Lobo
1Kelly Buettner-Schmidt, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, North Dakota State University, Fargo. Blake Boursaw, MS, is an Instructor and Marie L. Lobo, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Professor Emeritus, College of Nursing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
Nursing Research
|June 6, 2018
Summary
North Dakota's 2012 smoke-free law significantly reduced secondhand smoke exposure in rural bars and restaurants. While indoor compliance was high, outdoor and signage compliance needs improvement for full protection.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Environmental Health
- Tobacco Control Policy
Background:
- Rural populations face tobacco use disparities and higher death rates.
- North Dakota enacted a statewide smoke-free law for bars and restaurants in 2012.
- This law aimed to address disparities in secondhand smoke exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the long-term impact of a comprehensive statewide smoke-free law in a rural state.
- To evaluate sustained reductions in secondhand smoke exposure.
- To examine compliance with smoke-free regulations over time.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study conducted in three phases.
- Stratified random sampling of bars and restaurants.
- Measurement of particulate matter and compliance indicators 21 months post-law enactment.
Main Results:
- Immediate, sustained, and substantial reductions in secondhand smoke.
- Elimination of significant disparities in secondhand smoke exposure in rural areas.
- High indoor compliance, but low compliance in outdoor areas and with signage.
Conclusions:
- The smoke-free law promoted equitable protection against secondhand smoke for rural populations.
- Targeted interventions are needed to improve compliance in specific venues and areas.
- Continued monitoring is essential to maintain public health gains from smoke-free policies.
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