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Pulsus paradoxus.

Malay Sarkar1, Rajeev Bhardwaj2, Irappa Madabhavi3

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, IGMC, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.

The Clinical Respiratory Journal
|June 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pulsus paradoxus, an inspiratory fall in systolic blood pressure, is a significant clinical sign. It is highly sensitive for diagnosing cardiac tamponade and correlates with asthma severity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Pulsus paradoxus is a clinical finding with significant diagnostic implications.
  • Understanding its mechanisms is crucial for accurate patient assessment.
  • It is frequently encountered in conditions like cardiac tamponade and acute asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, pathophysiology, detection, and clinical importance of pulsus paradoxus.
  • To highlight its role in diagnosing various medical conditions.
  • To emphasize its value in clinical practice and medical education.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases.
  • Search terms included "Pulsus paradoxus," "cardiac tamponade," "acute asthma," and "ventricular interdependence."
Keywords:
acute asthmapericardial tamponadepulsus paradoxusventricular interdependence

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  • All study types were included to provide a broad overview.

    • Main Results:

    • Pulsus paradoxus is defined as an inspiratory fall in systolic blood pressure exceeding 10 mm Hg.
    • Key pathophysiological mechanisms include exaggerated intrapleural pressure swings and biventricular interactions.
    • The sign demonstrates high sensitivity in diagnosing cardiac tamponade.

    Conclusions:

    • Pulsus paradoxus is a valuable physical examination finding.
    • It is particularly useful in the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade and assessing acute asthma severity.
    • Clinical skills, including the detection of pulsus paradoxus, remain essential in medical education and practice.