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Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
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Fluorinated Paramagnetic Complexes: Sensitive and Responsive Probes for Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
Katie L Peterson1, Kriti Srivastava2, Valérie C Pierre2
1Department of Chemistry, Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN, United States.
Frontiers in Chemistry
|June 8, 2018
Summary
Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) utilize responsive probes for enhanced sensitivity. Paramagnetic metal ions improve 19F probe performance, enabling simultaneous imaging of multiple markers in vivo.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Medical Imaging
- Chemical Biology
Background:
- Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used for studying chemical and physiological processes.
- The technique benefits from a negligible background signal in vivo 19F MRI and a wide chemical shift window, allowing for concurrent imaging of multiple markers.
- Responsive 19F probes have been developed, leveraging these advantages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review theories and strategies for enhancing the sensitivity of 19F probes using paramagnetic metal ions.
- To provide a guide on designing responsive 19F probes.
- To highlight examples of such probes and their characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on 19F probe design and sensitivity enhancement.
- Application of Bloch-Wangsness-Redfield theory to predict probe performance based on molecular parameters.
- Synopsis of probe examples, detailing advantages and disadvantages.
Main Results:
- Paramagnetic metal ions significantly improve the imaging parameters of 19F probes.
- The Bloch-Wangsness-Redfield theory accurately predicts sensitivity based on factors like distance, geometry, and metal ion properties.
- Responsive 19F probes can be designed using established principles.
Conclusions:
- Incorporating paramagnetic metal ions is a successful strategy to enhance 19F probe sensitivity for in vivo imaging.
- Understanding molecular parameters and applying theoretical frameworks are crucial for designing effective responsive 19F probes.
- This review provides a comprehensive overview and practical guidance for researchers in the field.
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