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Human performance across decision making, selective attention, and working memory tasks: Experimental data and

Andrea Stocco1, Brianna L Yamasaki1, Chantel S Prat1

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Individual differences in cognitive task performance are linked to variations in basal ganglia activity. A computational model and behavioral data confirm these findings, offering insights into human cognitive processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Individual differences significantly impact cognitive task performance.
  • The basal ganglia play a crucial role in cognitive control and decision-making.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying these differences is essential for advancing cognitive theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the data supporting the findings that individual differences in the Simon effect are related to competitive dynamics in the basal ganglia.
  • To provide access to behavioral and simulation data for further research.
  • To facilitate the verification and exploration of a computational neurocognitive model.

Main Methods:

  • Collected behavioral data from participants completing the Probabilistic Stimulus Selection, Simon task, and Automated Operation Span tasks.
  • Generated simulation traces using a computational neurocognitive model designed to capture individual performance variations.
  • Compiled experimental data (individual and group-level) and simulation data (model code, parameter space search, parallelization code).

Main Results:

  • The data supports the hypothesis that individual differences in cognitive tasks, specifically the Simon effect, are underpinned by variations in basal ganglia competitive dynamics.
  • The computational model successfully accounts for observed individual differences across multiple cognitive tasks.
  • Statistical analyses were performed using R scripts, which are included in the repository.

Conclusions:

  • Individual variations in cognitive performance are demonstrably linked to neural processes within the basal ganglia.
  • The provided dataset and computational model offer a valuable resource for studying individual differences in cognition.
  • This work bridges experimental findings with computational modeling to elucidate the neural basis of cognitive variability.