Nocturnal Hypertension in Multiple System Atrophy May Cause Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome

Nocturnal hypertension (NH) is a symptom of cardiovascular dysautonomia in multiple system atrophy (MSA); however, care and medication are often insufficient. We herein report a patient with MSA who showed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) caused by hypertension during sleep. He presented clinically with total blindness; T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensities in the bilateral subcortical occipital-temporal lobes. His PRES was completely reversed by blood pressure control. NH may contribute to the development of PRES. The appropriate assessment and management of hemodynamic changes in MSA, including NH, is necessary to prevent severe complications such as PRES.