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Related Concept Videos

Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
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Line Loss01:10

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The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
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Reducing Line Loss01:18

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In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
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Energy Losses in Transformers01:21

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In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality,  the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
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Major Losses in Pipes01:28

Major Losses in Pipes

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When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
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Minor Losses in Pipes01:25

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In pipe systems, minor losses refer to energy losses arising from components such as valves, bends, fittings, expansions, and other features that disrupt the steady flow of fluid. These disturbances cause energy dissipation through turbulence and resistance, which engineers quantify to manage system efficiency effectively.
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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Protocols for Visualizing Steroidogenic Organs and Their Interactive Organs with Immunostaining in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster
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Brain (re)organization following visual loss.

Patrice Voss1

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Sensory loss reveals preserved brain organization and neuroplasticity, even in anatomical metrics. Understanding cross-modal plasticity mechanisms and individual differences in brain reorganization remains key.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Brain Function and Dysfunction
  • Perception and Psychophysics

Background:

  • Sensory loss offers insights into brain plasticity and organization.
  • The visual cortex in blindness is known for cross-modal processing.
  • Neuroplasticity markers include cortical thickness and myelinization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neural consequences of sensory loss.
  • To investigate preserved cortical organization despite sensory deprivation.
  • To understand mechanisms of cross-modal plasticity and individual differences.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on sensory deprivation and neuroplasticity.
  • Analysis of studies on cross-modal processing in the visual cortex.
  • Examination of neuroanatomical metrics like cortical thickness and myelinization.

Main Results:

  • Cortical organizational principles are preserved even with complete sensory loss.
  • Neuroplasticity extends to neuroanatomical metrics.
  • Cross-modal recruitment can occur even after transient sensory deprivation.

Conclusions:

  • Sensory deprivation is a valuable model for studying brain plasticity.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate specific pathways and factors influencing cross-modal reorganization.
  • Individual differences and environmental factors play a role in the extent of brain reorganization.