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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Hindsight Biases01:12

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Bias01:22

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Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults
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Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications.

Etienne Sallard1, Lea Hartmann1, Radek Ptak2

  • 1Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|June 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Attentional bias modification (ABM) influences early sensory processing by altering neural activity in the temporo-parieto-occipital junction. This neurophysiological change impacts how individuals process environmental information, potentially aiding psychiatric remediation.

Keywords:
ERPattentional bias modificationinhibitory controlsource estimations

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatric Research

Background:

  • Attentional biases contribute to psychiatric conditions like social anxiety.
  • Attentional bias modification (ABM) shows promise for psychiatric remediation.
  • Neurophysiological mechanisms of ABM are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurophysiological mechanisms of ABM.
  • To examine how ABM affects early sensory processing and inhibitory control.
  • To identify brain regions involved in the development of attentional biases.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded EEG in 24 healthy participants using a modified dot-probe task.
  • Induced approach and avoidance biases via cue-probe presentation.
  • Assessed inhibitory control using a Go/NoGo task.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral results confirmed the induction of approach and avoidance biases.
  • ABM did not affect inhibitory control capacity.
  • EEG revealed early topographic modulation of event-related potentials (50-84 ms).
  • Source estimation showed decreased activity in the left temporo-parieto-occipital junction during bias development.

Conclusions:

  • ABM modulates early sensory processing related to stimulus saliency.
  • Reduced activity in the left temporo-parieto-occipital junction is linked to attentional bias development.
  • Findings suggest ABM's potential for psychiatric treatment by altering information processing.