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Vancomycin resistant Enterococci: A brief review

Taskeen Raza1, Sidra Rahmat Ullah1, Khalid Mehmood2

  • 1Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|June 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are leading causes of dangerous hospital infections. This overview details VRE epidemiology, virulence, resistance, and strategies for prevention and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Enterococci are significant opportunistic pathogens, frequently causing nosocomial infections.
  • Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the primary species responsible for human diseases.
  • Common infections include bacteremia, endocarditis, UTIs, and surgical site infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections.
  • To cover the epidemiology, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of VRE.
  • To discuss current prevention and treatment strategies for VRE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance determinants (VanA, VanB).
  • Synthesis of information on prevention and treatment protocols.

Main Results:

  • VRE infections are a growing concern due to high mortality rates.
  • VanA and VanB are key antibiotic resistance determinants globally identified in VRE.
  • VRE pose a serious threat to healthcare settings.

Conclusions:

  • Effective prevention and treatment strategies are crucial to combat VRE.
  • Understanding VRE epidemiology and resistance is vital for infection control.
  • Continued research into novel therapeutic approaches is necessary.
Keywords:
Enterococci spp, Drug resistance, Vancomycin.

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