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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

Published on: July 28, 2023

In-water recompression.

David J Doolette¹, Simon J Mitchell²

¹Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine

|June 12, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

In-water recompression (IWR) may be a viable emergency treatment for severe decompression illness (DCI) when recompression chambers are unavailable. However, risks like drowning from oxygen convulsions must be carefully managed.

Keywords:

Decompression illness Decompression sickness First aid Oxygen Remote locations Technical diving Treatment

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Area of Science:

Diving Medicine
Hyperbaric Physiology
Emergency Medical Services

Background:

Decompression illness (DCI) treatment is often delayed in remote diving locations.
In-water recompression (IWR) offers theoretical benefits due to rapid initiation of treatment.
Current data on IWR efficacy compared to standard care are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential benefits and risks of in-water recompression (IWR) for divers with decompression illness (DCI).
To compare IWR protocols with conventional first aid and surface oxygen treatment.
To assess the safety and effectiveness of IWR in remote diving scenarios.

Main Methods:

Review of theoretical benefits of rapid recompression initiation.
Analysis of retrospective data on delayed recompression outcomes.
Examination of existing IWR oxygen-breathing protocols and historical treatment table data.

Main Results:

IWR allows for very short delays to recompression, potentially improving outcomes.
Military and experimental diving data show high resolution rates with timely recompression.
IWR protocols use shallower depths and shorter durations than standard tables due to convulsion risks.

Conclusions:

Recompression at pressures and durations similar to IWR protocols can be effective.
IWR is not recommended for mild symptoms or severely compromised divers.
IWR may be justified for life or limb-threatening DCI when timely chamber recompression is unavailable, if conducted by trained personnel.