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Relationship between obesity, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and bone mineral density in elderly subjects aged 80
Vanessa Ribeiro Dos Santos1, Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro2, Igor Conterato Gomes3
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Motricidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
Objective:
This study sought to analyze the relationship between the components and aggravations of body composition (obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity) and bone mineral density in elderly subjects aged ≥80 years.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was utilized to assess 128 subjects aged between 80 and 95 years. Body composition and bone mineral density were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Gait speed was assessment by walking test. The statistical analyses included Spearman's correlation, one-way analysis of variance, the chi-squared test, and binary logistic regression analysis.
Results:
The elderly subjects with sarcopenia had lower bone mineral density compared to the obesity group, with higher risk for presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis in the spine (OR: 2.81; CI: 1.11-7.11) and femur (OR: 2.75; CI: 1.02-7.44). Obesity was shown to be a protective factor for osteopenia/osteoporosis in the spine (OR: 0.43; CI: 0.20-0.93) and femur (OR: 0.27; CI: 0.12-0.62).
Conclusion:
It was found that lean mass is more directly related to bone mineral density (total, femur, and spine) and sarcopenia is associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis. Obesity represents a possible protective factor for osteopenia/osteoporosis in elderly subjects aged 80 years and over.
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