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Neural Overlap in Item Representations Across Episodes Impairs Context Memory.

Ghootae Kim1, Kenneth A Norman2,3, Nicholas B Turk-Browne2,3,4

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Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|June 14, 2018
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New experiences can interfere with memory. When an item is recognized, its neural pattern similarity can impair recall of the original context, affecting memory retrieval.

Keywords:
item representationmultivariate pattern analysisneural overlapsource memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Memory reactivation occurs when encountering familiar items in new contexts.
  • Existing memories can be altered by subsequent experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how memory reactivation influences existing contextual memories.
  • To examine the relationship between neural pattern similarity and source memory.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure neural activity.
  • Objects were presented multiple times across different tasks.
  • Neural pattern similarity in the lateral occipital cortex was calculated for repeated item presentations.

Main Results:

  • Higher item-specific neural pattern similarity correlated with poorer source memory for the initial context.
  • Increased reactivation of the initial context was associated with enhanced source memory.

Conclusions:

  • The impact of new experiences on memory depends on the stability of neural representations.
  • Neural overlap between item representations can interfere with contextual memory retrieval.