Training of spatial orientation with a senile demented patient. An experimental case study

An 82 year old man, with the diagnosis senile dementia, was trained to find his own way to objects of importance on the ward (bed - toilet, dinner table - bed, dayroom - dinner table). The ward distances were divided into smaller units. A single case experimental design was used. During baseline the patient was given the opportunity to walk the distance. As long as he succeeded in finding the final destination, the distance was gradually extended one unit at a time. After one week each unit of the first distance was marked with a distinctive symbol and instructions were provided on their meaning. The two other distances served as control distances under baseline condition. One week later the second distance was also included in the intervention, while the third remained at baseline. Finally all distances were included in the intervention. There was a significant improvement in two of the three distances. This improvement was, however, only temporary.