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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

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Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

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Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
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Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

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The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
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Three Developmental Domains01:29

Three Developmental Domains

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Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
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Three-Domain System of Life01:21

Three-Domain System of Life

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Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis revealed three distinct groups of cells: eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. In 1978, Carl R. Woese proposed the concept of domains, a taxonomic level above kingdoms, to differentiate these groups. He suggested that archaea and bacteria, despite their similar appearance, represent separate domains. Domains differ in rRNA, membrane lipid structure, transfer RNA, and antibiotic sensitivity.In this classification, animals, plants, and fungi belong to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

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Novel computer-based testing shows multi-domain cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Andrew D Smith1, Charles Duffy2, Andrew D Goodman2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine Dartmouth College, USA.

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical
|June 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognivue effectively identified cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to healthy individuals. This tool shows promise for routine clinical use in detecting MS-related cognitive dysfunction.

Keywords:
CognivueMultiple sclerosis (MS)cognitioncognitive testingcomputer-based cognitive testing

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction significantly impacts multiple sclerosis (MS) patients' quality of life.
  • Current clinical evaluations infrequently assess MS-related cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if Cognivue can differentiate cognitive performance between MS patients and healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involved 24 MS patients and 12 HCs (aged 18-50).
  • Cognitive assessments included EDSS, PASAT, SDMT, and Cognivue.
  • Repeated testing occurred every 1-2 months for up to three sessions.

Main Results:

  • Significant cognitive performance differences were observed between MS patients and HCs on SDMT, PASAT, and Cognivue.
  • Most Cognivue subtests revealed significant group differences.
  • Cognivue scores demonstrated strong correlations with SDMT and PASAT, and high test-retest reliability in HCs.

Conclusions:

  • Cognivue successfully detected multi-domain cognitive dysfunction in MS.
  • Further research is needed to validate Cognivue against standard neuropsychological tests and assess its sensitivity to clinical changes in MS.