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Engineering a second brain in a dish.

Maxime M Mahe1

  • 1Department of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, S6.609, Building, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Inserm UMR 1235 - TENS, INSERM, University of Nantes, Rm427, Faculty of Medicine, 1 Rue Gaston Veil, Nantes, France.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Human pluripotent stem cells enable the creation of functional intestinal organoids with integrated enteric nervous systems. This breakthrough advances developmental biology and regenerative medicine for gut research.

Keywords:
Enteric nervous systemHuman pluripotent stem cellsIntestinal organoidNeurogastroenterologyTissue engineeringTranslational embryology

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are crucial for understanding developmental biology and advancing personalized/regenerative medicine.
  • Recent progress allows directed differentiation of hPSCs into various tissues, leveraging knowledge from model organisms.
  • In vitro generation of specific tissues from hPSCs offers novel approaches to study development and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological rationale for generating human intestinal organoids.
  • To describe the integration of an enteric nervous system (ENS) into these organoids for functional intestine development.
  • To discuss future strategies for enhancing intestinal tissue complexity for studying the ENS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for directed differentiation.
  • Employing developmental biology principles to guide tissue formation in vitro.
  • Integrating enteric nervous system components within developing intestinal organoids.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation of human intestinal organoids.
  • Demonstrated integration of an enteric nervous system within the organoids, creating a functional intestine model.
  • Established a platform for studying ENS development and function in the human intestine.

Conclusions:

  • Human intestinal organoids with integrated ENS represent a significant advancement in regenerative medicine.
  • This organoid system provides a powerful tool for investigating the enteric nervous system's role in gut physiology and disease.
  • Future research can further enhance organoid complexity to deepen our understanding of the 'second brain' in the gut.