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Salivary Exosomes: Emerging Roles in Systemic Disease
Yineng Han1, Lingfei Jia2,3, Yunfei Zheng1
1Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing,100081, China.
International Journal of Biological Sciences
|June 16, 2018
Summary
Saliva contains exosomes, which are tiny vesicles carrying biological information. These salivary exosomes show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing oral and systemic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Saliva contains DNA, RNA, and proteins, making it a valuable diagnostic fluid.
- Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles involved in intercellular communication, found in bodily fluids like saliva.
- Salivary diagnosis offers advantages such as non-invasiveness and ease of collection compared to blood tests.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the characteristics of salivary exosome biogenesis and secretion.
- To explore database and bioinformatics analyses relevant to exosomes.
- To discuss exosome isolation methods and their potential as disease biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on exosome biogenesis, secretion, and analysis.
- Description of exosome isolation techniques from human saliva.
- Analysis of exosome content and function for biomarker potential.
Main Results:
- Salivary exosomes are released via multivesicular body fusion with the plasma membrane.
- Exosomes present in saliva can be isolated using various strategies.
- Salivary exosomes are emerging as potential biomarkers for oral and systemic diseases.
Conclusions:
- Further research into salivary exosome functions and mechanisms is crucial.
- Understanding salivary exosomes can lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
- Salivary exosomes hold significant potential for non-invasive disease diagnosis.
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