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Pain in optic neuropathies.

Stefania Bianchi Marzoli1, Alessandra Criscuoli2

  • 1Neuro-ophthalmology and Ocular Electrophysiology Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Foundation, Via Mercalli, 28, 20122, Milan, Italy. s.bianchimarzoli@auxologico.it.

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Painful vision loss can signal various optic neuropathies, including inflammatory, compressive, or infectious causes. Prompt diagnosis through symptom history and neuro-ophthalmological exams is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis.

Keywords:
Compressive optic neuropathyOptic neuritisOptic neuropathyOrbital inflammationPain

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Optic neuropathies encompass a range of conditions affecting the optic nerve.
  • Pain is a significant symptom in several types of optic neuropathies, impacting visual function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes and clinical presentation of painful optic neuropathies.
  • To emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis and neuroimaging in managing these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of painful optic neuropathies.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment implications.

Main Results:

  • Painful optic neuropathies are associated with inflammatory diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica), intracranial hypertension, giant cell arteritis, systemic diseases, compressive lesions, and infections.
  • Pain characteristics vary, including preceding visual loss, orbital radiation, or retro-orbital location.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough patient history and neuro-ophthalmological examination are essential for diagnosis.
  • Accurate diagnosis of the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is critical for targeted treatment and determining prognosis.