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Selective Transient Cooling by Impulse Perturbations in a Simple Toy Model.

Michele Fabrizio1

  • 1International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.

Physical Review Letters
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We demonstrate that a targeted impulse can cool low-energy quantum systems by heating high-energy ones. This quantum cooling method, using oscillating spin exchange, can even induce spontaneous symmetry breaking.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Condensed matter theory

Background:

  • Controlling quantum systems is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Transient control methods offer unique pathways for manipulating quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if impulse perturbations can selectively cool low-energy degrees of freedom in a quantum system.
  • To explore the potential for inducing non-equilibrium phase transitions, such as spontaneous symmetry breaking, via transient control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a exactly solvable toy model comprising two coupled infinite-range quantum Ising models.
  • Implemented a finite-duration, oscillating spin exchange perturbation to couple the high-energy and low-energy sectors.
  • Analyzed the system dynamics by varying the perturbation's oscillation frequency and coupling strength.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated transient cooling of the low-energy sector, achieved by heating the high-energy sector.
  • Identified an optimal cooling regime when the perturbation frequency resonates with spin exchange excitations.
  • Observed spontaneous symmetry breaking in the low-energy sector post-perturbation, even when initially above the critical temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Impulse perturbations offer a viable strategy for targeted quantum cooling and non-equilibrium state preparation.
  • Resonant control significantly enhances the efficiency of transient quantum cooling.
  • This work provides a theoretical framework for designing novel quantum control protocols with potential applications in quantum information processing and thermodynamics.