Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
08:24
Optimization of the Ugi Reaction Using Parallel Synthesis and Automated Liquid Handling
Published on: November 11, 2008
Impact of the Injection Protocol on an Impurity's Stationary State
Oleksandr Gamayun1,2, Oleg Lychkovskiy3,4,5, Evgeni Burovski6,7
1Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, P.O. Box 9506, Leiden 2300 RA, Netherlands.
Physical Review Letters
|June 16, 2018
Summary
An impurity particle
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Understanding quantum gases is crucial for quantum technologies.
- Impurity particles in quantum systems present unique behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the stationary-state properties of an impurity particle in a 1D quantum gas.
- To determine the factors influencing the impurity's final velocity.
Main Methods:
- Analytical calculations in the thermodynamic limit.
- Finite-size numerical simulations.
- Analysis of impurity injection protocols.
Main Results:
- Impurity's end velocity is bounded by zero and the gas's speed of sound.
- The injection protocol dictates the impurity's final velocity.
- Constant impurity motion is an emergent dynamic phenomenon.
Conclusions:
- The study's findings extend beyond the classical Landau approach to superfluidity.
- The predicted phenomena are experimentally achievable with ultracold gases.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:25Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
01:18Basicity of Aromatic Amines
The basicity of aromatic amines is much weaker than that of aliphatic amines due to the involvement of the lone pair of electrons over the N atom in resonance with the aryl rings. Generally, the electron-donating ability of any substituents on the aryl ring of aromatic amines increases the basicity of the amine by increasing electron density, and hence the availability of lone pair on the nitrogen. On the other hand, electron-withdrawing functional groups on the aryl ring of amines decrease the...
00:52Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates
After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
01:08Gas Chromatography: Sample Injection Systems
In gas chromatography, the sample is introduced as a vapor plug into the carrier gas stream for high efficiency and resolution. A microsyringe injects the sample solution into a heated sample port, vaporizing it and mixing it with the carrier gas. This process is important to ensure the sample is properly prepared for analysis. Thermally sensitive samples can be injected directly into the column and volatilized by slowly increasing the column temperature.
Two primary injection methods are used...
Two primary injection methods are used...
01:05High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process
In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...