[Gestational hypertension].

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine
• Cardiovascular Health

Background:

• Preeclampsia (PE) affects 3-14% of human pregnancies globally.
• Its exact cause is unknown but linked to poor placentation, placental ischemia, and inflammatory factors.
• PE presents as early-onset (severe maternal/fetal events) or late-onset (favorable prognosis).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review predictors and implications of preeclampsia.
• To highlight the role of preeclampsia as a future cardiovascular risk factor.
• To discuss diagnostic markers for pregnancy complications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of preeclampsia predictors and outcomes.
• Analysis of diagnostic markers such as uric acid and sFLT-1/PIGF ratio.
• Discussion of the link between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and future metabolic/vascular alterations.

Main Results:

• Uric acid levels >3.15 mg/dl predict gestational hypertension; levels >5.2 mg/dl indicate severe PE/eclampsia.
• An sFLT-1/PIGF ratio >85 suggests pregnancy complications and aids clinical decision-making.
• Preeclampsia is recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor in women.

Conclusions:

• Early identification of PE through specific biomarkers is crucial for timely intervention.
• Managing PE can mitigate risks of future cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
• Understanding PE subtypes informs prognosis and management strategies.