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Biochemical Profiling of DMSP Lyases.

Lei Lei1, Uria Alcolombri1, Dan S Tawfik1

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Methods in Enzymology
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Marine microbes release dimethyl sulfide (DMS), crucial for the sulfur cycle. New biochemical methods help identify specific enzymes responsible for dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) cleavage, improving understanding of DMS production.

Keywords:
Dimethyl sulfideDimethylsulfoniopropionateEnzyme promiscuityEnzyme superfamilyMechanism-based inhibitorSubstrate profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbial ecology
  • Biogeochemical cycles
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a key atmospheric compound produced from marine sources.
  • Marine organisms produce and consume DMS, influencing oceanic sulfur cycling and climate.
  • Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is the primary precursor to DMS, cleaved by DMSP lyases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate biochemical methods for identifying DMSP lyase activity in environmental samples.
  • To link specific gene families to DMSP cleavage activity.
  • To improve the understanding of DMS production pathways in marine ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized selective inhibitors to probe DMSP lyase activity.
  • Employed DMSP substrate analogues to characterize enzyme function.
  • Integrated biochemical profiling with genomics and metagenomics data.

Main Results:

  • Developed a suite of biochemical assays to differentiate DMSP lyase activities.
  • Demonstrated the ability to assign DMSP cleavage to specific gene families.
  • Showcased the utility of these methods in crude environmental samples.

Conclusions:

  • Biochemical profiling is essential for accurately identifying the biological sources of DMS.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of solely relying on gene or mRNA abundance.
  • Enables more reliable attribution of DMS emissions to specific marine organisms and processes.