Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models
Published on: August 16, 2010
Lipid Emulsion for Treating Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity
Seong-Ho Ok1,2, Jeong-Min Hong3, Soo Hee Lee1,2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 15 Jinju-daero 816 Beon-gil, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52727, Republic of Korea.
Intravenous lipid emulsion effectively treats local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), reversing cardiovascular collapse. This review details proposed mechanisms and optimal treatment strategies for LAST using lipid emulsion therapy.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Toxicology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) can cause life-threatening cardiovascular collapse.
- Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) is an emerging treatment for LAST, supported by case reports and meta-analyses.
- Understanding the mechanisms of ILE in reversing LAST is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the proposed mechanisms of action for lipid emulsion in reversing local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
- To discuss optimal lipid emulsion treatment protocols for LAST.
- To evaluate the effect of epinephrine on lipid emulsion resuscitation.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature on lipid emulsion for LAST.
- Compilation and discussion of proposed mechanistic theories for ILE efficacy.
- Analysis of clinical data regarding ILE treatment protocols and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Lipid emulsion therapy is confirmed as effective in treating LAST and cardiovascular collapse.
- Multiple mechanisms are proposed for ILE's efficacy, including the lipid sink theory, enhanced redistribution, and direct cardiac effects.
- Specific treatment protocols and the role of epinephrine in ILE resuscitation are discussed.
Conclusions:
- Intravenous lipid emulsion is a vital antidote for local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
- Further research into the precise mechanisms and standardized treatment protocols is warranted.
- Effective management of LAST with lipid emulsion can significantly improve patient survival and recovery.
More Related Videos
08:49Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
Published on: October 16, 2013
13:17Manufacture of Concentrated, Lipid-based Oxygen Microbubble Emulsions by High Shear Homogenization and Serial Concentration
Published on: May 26, 2014
Related Concept Videos
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics
Local Anesthetics: Mechanism of Action
Local anesthetics are amphiphilic molecules consisting of a hydrophobic aromatic part linked to a hydrophilic group by an ester or amide linkage. They are weak bases and are usually available as salts, which increases their solubility and stability. Once administered, LAs exist in the body either...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers
Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship