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Malathi Thothathiri1

  • 1Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, 2115 G Street NW #226, Washington, DC 20052, United States.

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Summary

Cognitive differences and statistical learning shape sentence structure choices in speech. The brain recruits conflict control regions, like the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), adapting to language experience.

Keywords:
Anterior cingulate cortexCognitive controlExecutive functionFrontal cortexLanguageSpeechSyntactic choice

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Sentence structure choice in speech is influenced by cognitive factors and statistical learning.
  • Adult brains exhibit plasticity, adapting neural resources based on language input.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how individual cognitive differences and statistical language experience interact to determine sentence structure selection during speech production.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying sentence structure choice and adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were exposed to English sentences with controlled statistical properties for verb structures.
  • Brain activity was measured using neuroimaging (fMRI/EEG) during natural sentence production.
  • Analysis focused on brain regions involved in conflict monitoring and their correlation with statistical input and individual differences.

Main Results:

  • Selecting a less preferred sentence structure engaged conflict control regions, particularly in individuals with higher cognitive control abilities.
  • Activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) correlated with the statistical properties of the input language.
  • ACC showed distinct functional connectivity patterns and correlations with language production depending on verb statistics.

Conclusions:

  • The adult brain dynamically adjusts to language experience, utilizing specific neural resources for sentence production.
  • Cognitive control abilities modulate the neural response to statistical linguistic input.
  • Neural mechanisms for language production adapt based on learned statistical regularities and individual cognitive profiles.