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Treating Pediatric Hydrocephalus at the Neurosurgery Education and Development Institute: The Reality in the Zanzibar

Andreas Leidinger1, Jose Piquer2, Eliana E Kim3

  • 1Neurosurgery Education and Development (NED) Foundation, Valencia, Spain; Neurosurgery Education and Development (NED) Institute, Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Stonetown, Tanzania.

World Neurosurgery
|June 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric hydrocephalus in Zanzibar presents similar causes and outcomes to other African regions. Postinfectious hydrocephalus is a significant factor and may be preventable.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pediatric hydrocephalus poses a significant health burden in East Africa, with approximately 6000 new cases annually.
  • This study focuses on the epidemiology and surgical outcomes of pediatric hydrocephalus in Zanzibar's sole neurosurgical center.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric hydrocephalus in Zanzibar.
  • To evaluate the surgical outcomes and complication rates for pediatric hydrocephalus patients in Zanzibar.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective data collection from December 2016 to December 2017.
  • Gathered information on demographics, maternal health, imaging, surgical procedures, and complications for 63 hydrocephalus patients.

Main Results:

  • The study included 63 pediatric patients with hydrocephalus; the most common etiology was postinfectious (39.7%).
  • Surgical interventions included 7 endoscopic third ventriculostomies and 40 ventriculoperitoneal shunts, with a 12.5% complication rate at follow-up.
  • Presenting symptoms included signs of infection (46.0%), congenital abnormalities (20.6%), and seizures (20.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Hydrocephalus in Zanzibar shares etiological and outcome similarities with other African settings.
  • Postinfectious hydrocephalus is a major contributor and warrants further investigation for potential prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
East AfricaPediatric hydrocephalusPostinfectious hydrocephalusVentriculoperitoneal shuntZanzibar

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