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A Peapod-like CoP@C Nanostructure from Phosphorization in a Low-Temperature Molten Salt for High-Performance
Zhiliang Liu1, Sungjin Yang1, Bingxue Sun1
1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), The State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Abstract:
A mild phosphorization process in low-temperature molten salt (NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 ) has been developed to synthesize peapod-like CoP@C nanostructures by using low-toxicity industrial PCl3 as the phosphorus source and Mg as the reductant at 250 °C. Importantly, high efficiency of the phosphorous source is achieved since only stoichiometric PCl3 is required to complete the reaction. The molten NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 not only provides a liquid environment but also participates in the electron transport by the reversible conversion of the Al3+ /Al redox couple. The obtained 0D-in-1D peapod CoP@C structure exhibits excellent lithium storage performance, delivering a superiorly stable capacity of 500 mAh g-1 after 800 cycles at a high current of 1.0 A g-1 .
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Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation: