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Recombinant vaccinia virus: immunization against multiple pathogens.

M E Perkus, A Piccini, B R Lipinskas

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 6, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study created a single vaccinia virus vaccine expressing antigens from hepatitis B, herpes simplex, and influenza viruses. Rabbits vaccinated with this polyvalent recombinant virus developed antibodies against all three foreign antigens.

    Area of Science:

    • * Molecular biology and virology
    • * Vaccine development and immunology

    Background:

    • * Development of effective vaccines against multiple viral pathogens remains a significant challenge.
    • * Recombinant vaccinia virus vectors offer a promising platform for multivalent vaccine strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To construct a single recombinant vaccinia virus encoding antigens from hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and influenza virus (IV).
    • * To evaluate the immunogenicity of this polyvalent recombinant vaccine in a rabbit model.
    • * To assess the feasibility of multiple vaccination rounds using the recombinant vaccinia virus.

    Main Methods:

    • * Insertion of coding sequences for HBV surface antigen, HSV glycoprotein D, and IV hemagglutinin into a vaccinia virus genome.
    • * Intravenous and intradermal inoculation of rabbits with the polyvalent recombinant vaccinia virus.

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  • * Serological analysis to detect antibody responses against the foreign antigens.

    • Main Results:

    • * Rabbits produced antibodies reactive to authentic HBV, HSV, and IV antigens after vaccination.
    • * Antibody responses were observed following both intravenous and intradermal administration routes.
    • * Multiple vaccination rounds with the recombinant vaccinia virus were feasible and well-tolerated.

    Conclusions:

    • * A single recombinant vaccinia virus can express multiple foreign viral antigens and elicit specific immune responses.
    • * This polyvalent vaccinia virus recombinant demonstrates potential as a versatile vaccine vector.
    • * The study supports the feasibility of multivalent vaccination strategies using recombinant vaccinia viruses.