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Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
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Jeffrey Simpson's attachment theory suggests that early caregiver relationships shape lasting patterns of behavior and emotional regulation, known as attachment styles. These patterns are organized along two key dimensions: self-esteem and interpersonal trust. The intersection of these dimensions produces four primary attachment styles that typically persist throughout life and significantly influence how individuals form and maintain relationships.Secure Attachment StyleIndividuals with a...
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Remote Control over Underwater Dynamic Attachment/Detachment and Locomotion.

Yanfei Ma1,2, Shuanhong Ma1, Yang Wu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.

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Researchers developed a novel underwater gecko-like adhesive using a thermoresponsive polymer. This material offers controllable adhesion for underwater applications, enabling dynamic attachment and detachment.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Developing reversible underwater adhesives mimicking gecko feet remains a significant challenge.
  • Mussel-inspired dopamine chemistry enables underwater adhesion but lacks dynamic control.
  • Gecko feet exhibit remarkable reversible attachment and detachment capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a novel underwater gecko-like adhesive with thermoresponsive and remotely controllable properties.
  • To achieve rapid and reversible adhesion control for underwater manipulation and locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a thermoresponsive copolymer: poly(dopamine methacrylamide-co-methoxyethyl-acrylate-co-N-isopropyl acrylamide).
  • Decorated the copolymer onto mushroom-shaped poly(dimethylsiloxane) pillar arrays to create the thermoresponsive gecko-like adhesive (TRGA).
  • Integrated Fe3O4 nanoparticles into TRGA for near-infrared laser responsiveness.

Main Results:

  • The TRGA exhibited high adhesion above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and low adhesion below the LCST.
  • TRGA demonstrated rapid and reversible remote adhesion control using near-infrared laser radiation.
  • The material enabled capture and release of heavy objects underwater and controllable movement of an underwater mobile device.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TRGA successfully mimics gecko-like dynamic attachment and detachment underwater.
  • This technology paves the way for intelligent underwater locomotion and manipulation systems.
  • The thermoresponsive and remotely controllable nature of the adhesive offers versatile underwater applications.