Improving Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in a Student-run Free Clinic

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Disease Prevention
• Medical Education

Background:

• Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment are key to tuberculosis (TB) eradication in the US.
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends targeted screening for high-risk populations.
• Student-run free clinics can serve as platforms for implementing and evaluating public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To improve LTBI screening, detection, and treatment rates within a student-run free clinic setting.
• To utilize an adapted CDC screening questionnaire as an educational tool for primary care topics.
• To assess the feasibility of a preventive screening initiative in an underserved patient population.

Main Methods:

• Adapted CDC LTBI screening questionnaire administered by medical students and providers.
• Education provided to students and providers on the screening process.
• Analysis of screening rates, diagnostic follow-up rates, and implementation feasibility.

Main Results:

• Out of 52 patients, 40 (76.9%) were screened for LTBI.
• 42.5% of screened patients tested positive for LTBI.
• 70.6% of positive screenings were followed up with diagnostic testing; others were lost to follow-up.
• The initiative demonstrated feasibility within the clinic setting.

Conclusions:

• The educational intervention and screening tool successfully increased LTBI screening rates in the student-run free clinic.
• Targeted screening and education are effective strategies for improving public health outcomes in primary care settings.
• Addressing barriers to follow-up care is crucial for maximizing the impact of LTBI screening initiatives.