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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis
Published on: October 12, 2016
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis versus conventional open insertion techniques for osteosynthesis
Paul Toogood1, Adrian Huang1, Karl Siebuhr1
1University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Abstract:
Osteosynthesis has evolved theoretically and practically throughout its evolution. Similar to trends in other surgical fields, surgical techniques in fracture fixation, such as minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), have moved from large dissections to more tissue sparing methods. These plating techniques have been developed for a variety of bones, but more universal clinical adoption will rely upon improved clinical outcomes. The current review will describe minimally invasive techniques, evaluate their rationale, and summarize evidence for their efficacy.
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