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Related Concept Videos

The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
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The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
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Correlative Super-resolution and Electron Microscopy to Resolve Protein Localization in Zebrafish Retina
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Resolution Matters: Correlating Quantitative Proteomics and Nanoscale-Precision Microscopy for Reconstructing Synapse

Andras Gabor Miklosi1, Giorgia Del Favero2, Doris Marko2

  • 1Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, A-1090,, Austria.

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|June 23, 2018
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Super-resolution microscopy combined with proteomics overcomes light microscopy limits for precise subcellular protein localization. This powerful workflow reveals protein dynamics and interactions within living cells, advancing cellular biology research.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Microscopy Techniques
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Traditional microscopy methods (light and electron) have limitations in spatial resolution and throughput for studying cellular structures.
  • Computational predictions for protein localization are hindered by incomplete data and evolutionary assumptions.
  • There is a growing need for advanced technologies to resolve cellular heterogeneity and protein functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the breakthrough of super-resolution microscopy in achieving high-resolution subcellular protein localization.
  • To demonstrate the synergistic power of combining super-resolution microscopy with unbiased proteomics.
  • To illustrate the application of this workflow in understanding protein dynamics and cellular physiology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing super-resolution microscopy to overcome the diffraction limit, achieving 20-60 nm resolution.
  • Integrating unbiased proteomics with super-resolution imaging for quantitative analysis.
  • Applying dynamic analysis to study protein distribution, interaction, turnover, and secretion.

Main Results:

  • Super-resolution microscopy significantly enhances the precision of protein localization in living cells.
  • The combination with proteomics enables quantitative insights into protein behavior.
  • Demonstrated successful application in mapping transmembrane receptor localization at the neuronal synapse.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of super-resolution microscopy and proteomics offers unprecedented capabilities for studying cellular processes.
  • Dynamic analysis provides crucial inferences for cellular physiology and pathobiology.
  • This combined workflow is essential for advancing our understanding of complex cellular mechanisms and diseases.