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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

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Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Operational Amplifiers01:17

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The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
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The concept of real numbers includes all the values that can be represented on a continuous number line. The system began with basic counting values used for enumeration. It later expanded to include values that represent the absence of quantity and opposites of the counting values. When situations required expressing parts of a whole or dividing quantities evenly, values capable of representing such proportions were developed. When written using decimal notation, these values can end or repeat...
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Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Intra-Operative Neural Monitoring of Thyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model
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INTRA-OPERATIVE NEED FOR GLUCOSE IN NEWBORNS.

Y U Kucherov, M M Nasser, Yu V Zhirkova

    Anesteziologiia I Reanimatologiia
    |June 23, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intraoperative fluid therapy in neonates requires careful glucose administration. Adding glucose to intravenous fluids helps maintain stable blood glucose levels, reducing hypoglycemia during surgery.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal surgery
    • Pediatric anesthesiology
    • Intensive care medicine

    Background:

    • Maintaining normal glycemic status is crucial during neonatal surgery.
    • Current guidelines lack clarity on intraoperative glucose-containing fluid administration for neonates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of intraoperative glucose infusion on glycemic control in newborns undergoing surgery.
    • To compare glycemic stability between neonates receiving saline alone versus saline with glucose infusion.

    Main Methods:

    • A single-center study involving 60 newborns with congenital malformations.
    • Patients were divided into two groups: saline infusion only (Group 1) and saline with glucose infusion (2.3 mg/kg/min) (Group 2).
    • Blood glucose levels were monitored preoperatively, every 30 minutes intraoperatively, and postoperatively, with corrections as needed.

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    Main Results:

    • Group 1 experienced a high incidence of hypoglycemia (40 episodes in 20 children), particularly during tracheal intubation and skin incision.
    • Group 2 showed significantly higher average glucose levels (p=0.03) and a two-fold reduction in hypoglycemia episodes (19 episodes in 12 patients).
    • While Group 2 had more stable glucose levels, hyperglycemia was observed more frequently compared to Group 1.

    Conclusions:

    • Intraoperative blood glucose in neonates is a highly variable parameter.
    • Precise glucose dosing in infusion solutions is essential to prevent both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in neonates during surgery.