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A Novel Approach to Relative Radiometric Calibration on Spatial and Temporal Variations for FORMOSAT-5 RSI Imagery.

Tang-Huang Lin1, Min-Chung Hsiao2, Hai-Po Chan3

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Summary

This study introduces the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) for relative radiometric calibration of remote sensing instruments. The EMD-HHT method significantly improves image quality by correcting detector artifacts, enhancing radiometric stability and application capabilities.

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FORMOSAT-5 RSIHilbert–Huang transformempirical mode decompositionintrinsic mode functions (IMFs)relative radiometric calibrationrelative response coefficientspatial and temporal variations

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Area of Science:

  • Remote Sensing
  • Image Processing
  • Optical Sensor Calibration

Background:

  • Relative radiometric calibration is essential for imaging sensor quality.
  • Detector-level artifacts from spatial and temporal variations pose calibration challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the integration of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) with Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) for relative radiometric calibration.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the EMD-HHT method for the FS-5 Remote Sensing Instrument (RSI).

Main Methods:

  • Applied EMD-HHT to analyze intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from pre-flight datasets of the FS-5 RSI.
  • Examined temporal and spatial variations to identify and correct detector-level artifacts.
  • Evaluated the calibration performance using standard deviation reduction in digital numbers.

Main Results:

  • The EMD-HHT method effectively stabilized and improved the radiometric quality of FS-5 imagery.
  • Temporal variations were found to influence spatial variations, but calibration accounted for this.
  • Significant reduction in the standard deviation of digital number discrepancies was achieved post-calibration (e.g., G2 band: 66.31 to 1.85).

Conclusions:

  • The EMD-HHT approach is practical for on-orbit relative radiometric calibration of the FS-5 RSI.
  • This novel method is applicable to other optical sensors.
  • The EMD-HHT approach represents a new method for relative radiometric calibration in optical sensors.