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Related Concept Videos

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
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The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

The Microscopy-Based Assay to Study and Analyze the Recycling Endosomes using SNARE Trafficking
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Phagophores evolve from recycling endosomes.

Claudia Puri1,2, Mariella Vicinanza1, David C Rubinsztein1,2

  • 1a Department of Medical Genetics , Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road , Cambridge , UK.

Autophagy
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Autophagosome origins are clarified: Recycling endosomes, marked by RAB11A, recruit key autophagy proteins. These endosomes engulf cellular waste, suggesting they are the source of autophagosomes in macroautophagy.

Keywords:
Autophagosome originRAB11WIPI2recycling endosome

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Autophagy Research

Background:

  • The origin of autophagosomes, the double-membraned vesicles central to macroautophagy/autophagy, remains a significant question in cell biology.
  • The phagophore, an early structure in autophagy, is characterized by phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) recruitment of WIPI2 and ATG16L1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the membrane origins of autophagosomes.
  • To determine the specific cellular compartments involved in autophagosome biogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized biochemical isolation of recycling endosomes.
  • Employed fixed and live-cell imaging techniques.
  • Examined the recruitment of autophagy proteins like WIPI2 and ATG16L1.

Main Results:

  • Membrane recruitment of WIPI2 requires both PtdIns3P and RAB11A, a marker for recycling endosomes.
  • Core autophagy proteins show stronger association with recycling endosomes than ER-mitochondrial contact sites.
  • Recycling endosomes were biochemically isolated and confirmed to recruit autophagy proteins.
  • Live and fixed imaging demonstrated recycling endosomes engulfing autophagic substrates, including mitochondria during mitophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagosome formation originates from the RAB11A-positive recycling endosome compartment.
  • Recycling endosomes play a crucial role in sequestering cellular components for degradation via autophagy.